Cnooc (Qingdao) Setsi sa Lipatlisiso sa Theknoloji ea Theknoloji ea Boenjiniere ba Boima ba Mafura a Maholo, LTD
Theknoloji ea Tlhokomelo ea Lisebelisoa, Khatiso ea 32, 2021
Kakaretso: Nts'etsopele e tsoelang pele ea mahlale le theknoloji ea China e khothalelitse nts'etsopele ea mafapha a fapaneng a sechaba. Ka nako e tšoanang, e boetse e matlafalitse ka katleho matla a rona a moruo le matla a naha ka kakaretso. E le karolo ea bohlokoa ea ts'ebetso ea ho etsa tšepe ea potoloho, coke ea nale e sebelisoa haholo-holo ha ho etsoa li-electrode tsa graphite. E bapala karolo ea bohlokoa tlhahisong ea lihlahisoa tsa betri ea lithium, hammoho le indastering ea matla a nyutlelie le masimong a lifofane. Ka nts'etsopele ea semelo sa mahlale le thekenoloji, ntlafatso e tsoelang pele le ntlafatso ea theknoloji ea ho etsa tšepe ea sebōpi sa motlakase e khothalelitsoe, 'me litekanyetso le litlhoko tse tsamaellanang tsa nale coke lipatlisisong le nts'etsopele le ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso li 'nile tsa ntlafatsoa khafetsa, e le ho lumellana le litlhoko tsa nts'etsopele ea tlhahiso ea sechaba. Ka lebaka la lisebelisoa tse fapaneng tse tala tse sebelisoang ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso, coke ea nale e arotsoe ka letoto la petroleum le letoto la mashala. Ho ea ka liphetho tse khethehileng tsa kopo, ho ka bonoa hore letoto la peterole la nale coke le na le ts'ebetso e matla ea lik'hemik'hale ho feta letoto la mashala. Leqepheng lena, re ithuta ka boemo ba hajoale ba 'maraka oa linale tse tsepamisitsoeng ke linalete le mathata a ts'ebetsong ea lipatlisiso le tlhahiso ea theknoloji e amehang, le ho sekaseka mathata a nts'etsopele ea tlhahiso le mathata a amanang le tekheniki a tsepamiso ea nale ea peterole.
I. Selelekela
Nale coke e phetha karolo ea bohlokoa tlhahisong ea electrode ea graphite. Ho tloha maemong a hajoale a nts'etsopele, linaha tse tsoetseng pele joalo ka United States le Japane li qalile pejana ho lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele le tlhahiso ea nale, mme ts'ebeliso ea mahlale a amehang e batla e holile, 'me ba tseba theknoloji ea mantlha ea tlhahiso ea petroleum needle coke. Ha ho bapisoa, lipatlisiso tse ikemetseng le tlhahiso ea nale sebakeng sa oli li qala ka morao ho nako. Empa ka nts'etsopele e tsoelang pele ea moruo oa rona oa mebaraka, ho khothaletsa katoloso e felletseng ea likarolo tse fapaneng tsa indasteri, lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea nale e shebaneng le oli e bile le katleho lilemong tsa morao tjena, ho fihlela tlhahiso ea indasteri. Leha ho le joalo, ho ntse ho e-na le likheo tse ling tsa boleng le ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso ha li bapisoa le lihlahisoa tse tsoang linaheng tse ling.Ka hona, hoa hlokahala ho hlakisa boemo ba hona joale ba tsoelo-pele ea 'maraka le mathata a theknoloji tsamaisong ea peterole.
Ii. Kenyelletso le tlhahlobo ea ts'ebeliso ea theknoloji ea nale ea petroleum coke
(1) Tlhahlobo ea boemo ba hajoale ba nts'etsopele ea petroleum needle coke lapeng le kantle ho naha
Theknoloji ea nale ea peterole ea coke e simolohile United States ka bo-1950. Empa naha ea rona e butsoe ka molao
Lipatlisiso mabapi le theknoloji le tlhahiso ea petroleum needling coke li qalile mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1980. Tlas'a ts'ehetso ea leano la naha la lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea thekenoloji, litsi tsa lipatlisiso tsa Machaena li ile tsa qala ho etsa liteko tse fapaneng mabapi le petroleum needling coke 'me li lula li hlahloba le ho etsa lipatlisiso ka mekhoa e fapaneng ea liteko. Ho feta moo, lilemong tsa bo-1990, naha ea rona e phethile lipatlisiso tse ngata tsa liteko mabapi le ho lokisoa ha tsamaiso ea peterole e tsepamisitsoeng ho nale, 'me e kentse kopo ea theknoloji e loketseng ea patent. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, ka tšehetso ea maano a naha a amehang, Academy e mengata ea malapeng ea Sciences le likhoebo tse amanang le eona li tsetelitse ho etsa lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele le ho khothalletsa nts'etsopele ea tlhahiso le tlhahiso ka hare ho indasteri. Boemo ba lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea nale ea petroleum le eona e ntse e ntlafala khafetsa. Lebaka le ka sehloohong la ketsahalo ena ke hore ho na le tlhokahalo e kholo ea malapeng ea petroleum needle-coke. Leha ho le joalo, lipatlisiso tsa malapeng le nts'etsopele le tlhahiso ha li khone ho finyella tlhokahalo ea 'maraka, karolo e kholo ea' maraka oa malapeng e tšoaretsoe ke lihlahisoa tse tsoang linaheng tse ling. Ka lebaka la maemo a hajoale a nts'etsopele, leha ho tsepamisitsoe maikutlo le tlhokomelo ea hona joale bakeng sa lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele le nts'etsopele le tlhahiso ea theknoloji ea peterole e ntse e eketseha, ho ea ka boemo ba lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea theknoloji, ho na le mathata a etsang hore lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele ea theknoloji e amanang le litšitiso tse lebisang ho lekhalo le leholo lipakeng tsa naha ea rona le linaha tse tsoetseng pele.
(2) Tlhahlobo ea ts'ebeliso ea tekheniki ea likhoebo tsa lapeng tsa petroleum needle coke
E Thehiloe ho tshekatsheko ya boleng lapeng le linaheng tse ling boleng ba sehlahisoa le phello ea kopo, ho ka bonoa hore phapang pakeng tsa bona ka boleng ba petroleum nale coke ke haholo-holo ka lebaka la ho se tšoane ka li-index tse peli tsa mogote katoloso coefficient le phatsa boholo kabo, e leng bontša phapang ea boleng ba sehlahisoa [1]. Lekhalo lena la boleng le bakoa haholo-holo ke mathata a tlhahiso mosebetsing oa tlhahiso. E kopantsoe le ts'ebetso e khethehileng ea tlhahiso le mokhoa oa ho hlahisa petroleum needle coke, theknoloji ea eona ea mantlha ea tlhahiso ke haholo-holo bakeng sa boemo ba pele ba thepa e tala. Hajoale, ke Shanxi Hongte Chemical Co., LTD., Sinosteel (Anshan) le Jinzhou Petrochemical feela ba boneng tlhahiso ea bongata. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, tlhahiso le sistimi ea tlhahiso ea Jinzhou Petrochemical Company ea petroleum needle coke e se e holile, matla a ts'ebetso ea sesebelisoa a lula a ntlafatsoa, 'me lihlahisoa tse amanang le tsona li ka fihla boemong bo bohareng le bo phahameng' marakeng, tse ka sebelisoang bakeng sa li-electrode tsa tšepe tse matla kapa tsa matla a phahameng haholo.
Iii. Tlhahlobo ea 'maraka oa naha oa petroleum needle coke
(1) Ka ho potlakisa ha indasteri, tlhoko ea nale e ntse e eketseha letsatsi le letsatsi
Naha ea rona ke naha e kholo ea tlhahiso ea liindasteri lefats'eng, e khethiloeng haholo ke mokhoa oa sebopeho sa indasteri ea rona.
Tlhahiso ea tšepe le tšepe hape ke e 'ngoe ea liindasteri tsa bohlokoa ho khothaletsa nts'etsopele ea moruo oa rona. Tlas'a semelo sena, tlhoko ea tlhokahalo e ntse e eketseha letsatsi le letsatsi. Empa hajoale, lipatlisiso tsa rona tsa tekheniki le boemo ba nts'etsopele le bokhoni ba tlhahiso ha li tsamaellane le tlhoko ea 'maraka. Lebaka le ka sehloohong ke hore ho na le likhoebo tse 'maloa tse shebaneng le linalete tsa petroleum tse ka hlakisang litekanyetso tsa boleng,' me matla a tlhahiso ha a tsitsa. Le hoja mosebetsi oa ho etsa lipatlisiso tsa thekenoloji le ntshetsopele e amehang e ntse e tsoela pele hona joale, empa batla ho kopana le matla a phahameng kapa ultra high power graphite electrode 'me ho na le lekhalo le leholo, e leng se lebisang ho litšitiso tsa taolo ea boleng ba lihlahisoa tse tsepamisitsoeng ke nale. Hajoale, mmaraka oa coke-leasure-leasure o arotsoe ka petroleum needle-measure coke le coke-measure-measure coke ea mashala. Ka lehlakoreng le leng, petroleum needle-measure coke e tlase hanyane ho feta coke ea leshala la nale-measure coke ebang ke ka bongata ba projeke kapa boemo ba nts'etsopele, e leng le leng la mabaka a ka sehloohong a sitisang katoloso e sebetsang ea coke ea China ea peteroleum. Empa hammoho le ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea boemo ba theknoloji ea tlhahiso ea indasteri ea tšepe, tlhahiso ea tšepe le tlhokahalo ea tlhahiso ea li-electrode tse phahameng tsa graphite li ntse li eketseha. Sena se boetse se totobatsa hore ka ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea boemo ba nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea rona le ho potlakisa ts'ebetso ea nts'etsopele ea indasteri, tlhoko ea nale e tla ba kholo le ho feta.
(2) Tlhahlobo ea theko e phaphametseng ea 'maraka oa nale
Ho ea ka boemo ba hajoale ba nts'etsopele ea indasteri le phetoho ea sebopeho sa indasteri le litaba tsa indasteri naheng ea rona, ho fumaneha hore letoto la peterole ea ho pheha linale le loketse naha ea rona ho feta letoto la mashala a letoto la nale, le tla mpefatsa boemo ba lapeng ba ho se leka-lekane pakeng tsa phepelo le tlhoko ea ho cheka lesela la nale, molemong oa ho rarolla bothata ba ho se leka-lekane, e le hore re ka rarolla bothata ba ho se lekane. tse tsoang kantle ho naha. Ho tloha tlhahlobong ea litšoaneleho tsa ho fetoha ha theko ea lihlahisoa tse tsoang linaheng tse ling lilemong tsa morao tjena, ho ka bonoa hore theko ea lihlahisoa tse tsoang linaheng tse ling tsa petroleum e 'nile ea eketseha ho tloha ka 2014. Ka hona, bakeng sa indasteri ea malapeng, ka lekhalo le ntseng le eketseha la phepelo le theko e ntseng e eketseha ea thepa, petroleum needle coke e tla fetoha sebaka se secha sa matsete ho indasteri ea "coke coke" ea Chaena [2].
Ea bone, nale ea rona e tsepamisitse maikutlo lipatlisisong le nts'etsopele le tlhahlobo ea mathata a theknoloji ea tlhahiso
(1) Tlhahlobo ea mathata a pele a phekolo
Ka tlhahlobo ea ts'ebetso eohle ea tlhahiso le tlhahiso ea petroleum needle-coke, ho ka bonoa hore, bakeng sa phetisetso ea lisebelisoa tse tala, peterole ke eona thepa e ka sehloohong e hlahisoang, ka lebaka la boits'oaro ba lisebelisoa tsa peterole, oli e tala e hloka ho rafshoa ka tlas'a lefatše, le oli e sa tsoakoang naheng ea habo rona e tla sebelisa lits'ebetso tse fapaneng molemong oa ts'ebetso le lits'ebetso tse fapaneng. lihlahisoa tsa peterole. Mokhoa ona oa ho phekola pele o tla tlisa liphello tse mpe tlhahisong ea petroleum needle coke. Ho phaella moo, ho hlophisoa ha peterole ka boeona ke haholo-holo aliphatic hydrocarbon, dikahare tsa hydrocarbon e nkhang hamonate e tlaase, e bakoang ke litšobotsi tsa mehloli ea peterole e teng. Hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore tlhahiso ea boleng bo phahameng ba nale ea peterole e na le litlhoko tse tiileng tsa lisebelisoa tse tala, tse nang le karolo e phahameng ea monko o monate oa hydrocarbon, 'me e khetha sebabole se tlaase, oksijene, asphaltene le oli e meng e le lisebelisoa tse tala, tse hlokang hore karolo ea boima ba sebabole e ka tlaase ho 0.3%,' me karoloana ea boima e ka tlaase ho 10% ea asphaltene. Leha ho le joalo, ho itšetlehile ka ho lemoha le ho hlahloba sebopeho sa pele, ho fumanoa hore boholo ba oli e tala e sebelisoang naheng ea rona ke ea oli e tala e phahameng ea sebabole, le khaello ea oli e loketseng tlhahiso ea nale e nang le monko o monate oa hydrocarbon. Ke bothata bo boholo ba tekheniki ho tlosa litšila ka har'a oli. Ho sa le joalo, Jinzhou Petrochemical, e seng e hōlile haholoanyane ho R&D le tlhahiso hajoale, e hloka thepa e tala e loketseng tlhahiso ea coke e nang le linalete ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso le ts'ebetso ea coke e nang le nale. Khaello ea lisebelisoa tse tala le ho se tsitse ha boleng ke e 'ngoe ea lintlha tse ka sehloohong tse thibelang botsitso ba boleng ba coke e nang le nale [3]. Shandong Yida New Material Co., Ltd. e qapa le ho amohela ho sebelisoa ha lisebelisoa tse tala bakeng sa karolo ea tlhahiso ea petroleum needle coke.
Ka nako e ts'oanang, ho ile ha amoheloa mekhoa e fapaneng ea ho tlosa lintho tse thata. Ntle le ho khetha oli e boima e loketseng tlhahiso ea nale coke, lintho tse kotsi ka thepa e tala li ile tsa tlosoa pele ho pheha.
(2) Tlhahlobo ea mathata a tekheniki ts'ebetsong e liehang ea ho pheha ea petroleum needle coke
Ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea nale coke e batla e rarahane, 'me ho na le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa taolo ea liphetoho tsa mocheso oa tikoloho le khatello ea ts'ebetso ts'ebetsong e itseng ea ts'ebetso. Ke e 'ngoe ea mathata a mokhoa oa ho pheha oa tlhahiso ea nale ea coke hore na khatello, nako le mocheso oa coke li ka laoloa e le kannete ka saense le ka mokhoa o utloahalang, e le hore nako ea ho arabela e ka finyella litlhoko tse tloaelehileng. Ka nako e ts'oanang, ts'ebetso e ntle le ho lokisoa ha mekhoa ea ho pheha le litekanyetso tse khethehileng tsa ts'ebetso li ka boela tsa phetha karolo ea bohlokoa ho ntlafatsa le ho ntlafatsa boleng ba tlhahiso eohle ea nale.
Morero o ka sehloohong oa ho sebelisa sebōpi sa ho futhumatsa bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea phetoho ea mocheso ke ho etsa ts'ebetso e tloaelehileng ho ea ka mokhoa o tloaelehileng oa ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea nale ea coke e le hore mocheso o ka hare o ka finyella litekanyetso tse hlokahalang. Ebile, ts'ebetso ea phetoho ea mocheso ke ho khothaletsa karabelo ea coking e ka etsoa sebakeng sa mocheso o liehang le o tlase ha o ntse o liehisa karabelo ea coking, e le ho fihlela monko o monate, ho netefatsa tlhophiso e hlophisitsoeng ea limolek'hule, ho netefatsa hore li ka tsepamisoa le ho tiisoa tlasa khatello, le ho khothaletsa botsitso ba mmuso. Sebōpi sa ho futhumatsa ke ts'ebetso ea bohlokoa ts'ebetsong eohle ea tlhahiso ea petroleum needle coke, 'me ho na le litlhoko le litekanyetso tse itseng bakeng sa litekanyetso tse khethehileng tsa mocheso, tse ke keng tsa fokotseha ho feta moeli o ka tlaase oa 476 ℃' me o ke ke oa feta moeli o ka holimo oa 500 ℃. Ka nako e ts'oanang, hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore mocheso o fetohang sebōpi ke thepa e kholo le lisebelisoa, re lokela ho ela hloko ho lumellana ha boleng ba tora e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea nale coke: e 'ngoe le e' ngoe ea tora ka mokhoa oa ho fepa, ka lebaka la mocheso, khatello, lebelo la moea le lintho tse ling li fetoloa, kahoo tora ea coke ka mor'a hore coke e se ke ea lekana, e bohareng le e tlaase ea boleng. Mokhoa oa ho rarolla bothata ba boleng bo ts'oanang ba nale coke hape ke e 'ngoe ea mathata a lokelang ho nahanoa ka tlhahiso ea nale coke.
5. Tlhahlobo ea tataiso ea tsoelo-pele ea nakong e tlang ea petroleum needle coke
(a) Khothaletsa ntlafatso e tsoelang pele ea boleng ba lisebelisoa tsa nale ea naha ea petroleum
Theknoloji le 'maraka oa ho tsepamisa maikutlo ho nale li laoloa ke United States le Japane. Hona joale, tlhahiso ea sebele ea nale ea China, ho ntse ho e-na le mathata a mang, a kang boleng bo sa tsitsang, matla a tlaase a coke le phofo e ngata ea phofo. Le hoja coke ea nale e hlahisitsoeng e 'nile ea sebelisoa ho hlahisa li-electrode tsa graphite tse matla le tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa, li ke ke tsa sebelisoa ha ho etsoa li-electrode tsa graphite tse nang le bophara bo boholo ba matla a maholo ka bongata. Lilemong tsa morao tjena, lipatlisiso tsa rona le nts'etsopele ea lisebelisoa tsa nale ha li e-s'o khaotse, 'me boleng ba sehlahisoa bo tla tsoela pele ho ntlafala. Shanxi Hongte Coal Chemical Co., LTD., Sinosteel Mashala a lekanya nale coke, Jinzhou Petrochemical Co., LTD. Likarolo tsa letoto la oli li fihlile ho lithane tse 40,000-50,000 / selemo, 'me li ka matha ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng, li lula li ntlafatsa boleng.
(2) Tlhokahalo ea lapeng ea petroleum nale coke e ntse e eketseha
Tsoelo-pele ea indasteri ea tšepe le tšepe e hloka palo e kholo ea li-electrode tse phahameng tsa matla le li-electrode tse matla. Boemong bona, tlhoko ea nale bakeng sa li-electrode tse phahameng haholo le tlhahiso ea li-electrode tse matla e ntse e hola ka potlako, e hakanyetsoang ho lithane tse ka bang 250,000 ka selemo. Sehlahisoa sa tšepe ea sebōpi sa motlakase Chaena se ka tlase ho 10%, 'me karolelano ea lefatše ea lihlahisoa tsa tšepe ea sebōpi sa motlakase e fihlile ho 30%. Sekhechana sa rona sa tšepe se fihlile ho lithane tse limilione tse 160. Ho ea ka boemo ba hona joale ka nako e telele, nts'etsopele ea tšepe ea sebōpi sa motlakase e ke keng ea qojoa, khaello ea phepelo ea nale ea coke e ke keng ea qojoa. Ka hona, mehato e lokela ho nkoa ho eketsa mohloli oa lihlahisoa tse tala le ho ntlafatsa mokhoa oa tlhahiso ho finyella litlhoko tsa tlhahiso.
(3) Keketseho ea tlhoko ea 'maraka e khothaletsa ntlafatso ea boemo ba thekenoloji ea lehae ea R&D
Lekhalo la boleng le ho eketseha ha tlhoko ea nale-scorch e hloka ho potlakisa nts'etsopele ea ho chesa ho nale. Nakong ea nts'etsopele le tlhahiso ea "nale-scorch", bafuputsi ba 'nile ba hlokomela mathata a tlhahiso ea nale-srch, ho eketsa boiteko ba ho etsa lipatlisiso, le ho haha lisebelisoa tse nyenyane le tsa lifofane ho fumana lintlha tsa liteko ho tataisa tlhahiso. Theknoloji ea ho sebetsa ea nale coke e lula e ntlafatsoa ho finyella tlhokahalo e ntseng e eketseha. Ho latela pono ea lisebelisoa tse tala le mekhoa ea tlhahiso, khaello ea oli ea lefats'e le litaba tse ntseng li eketseha tsa sebabole li thibela nts'etsopele ea sistimi ea oli ea nale. Setsi se secha sa tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tsa liindasteri tsa lihlahisoa tsa oli e hahiloe 'me ea kenngoa ts'ebetsong Shandong Yida New Material Co., LTD., 'me ho hlahisitsoe thepa e ntle haholo ea letoto la oli ea letoto la nale, e tla ntlafatsa ka katleho boleng le tlhahiso ea letoto la oli ea nale coke.
Nako ea poso: Dec-07-2022