Molao-motheo oa ts'ebetso oa li-electrode tsa graphite tsa ultra-high (UHP) o thehiloe haholo-holo holim'a ketsahalo ea arc discharge. Ka ho sebelisa matla a bona a motlakase a ikhethang, ho hanyetsa mocheso o phahameng, le thepa ea mochine, li-electrode tsena li nolofalletsa phetoho e nepahetseng ea matla a motlakase hore e be matla a mocheso ka har'a libaka tse nang le mocheso o phahameng oa mocheso, kahoo li tsamaisa ts'ebetso ea metallurgical. Ka tlase ke tlhahlobo e qaqileng ea mekhoa ea bona ea mantlha ea ts'ebetso:
1. Phallo ea Arc le Phetoho ea Motlakase ho ea ho Thermal
1.1 Mokhoa oa ho theha Arc
Ha li-electrode tsa UHP tsa graphite li kenyelelitsoe lisebelisoa tsa ho qhibilihisa (mohlala, li-arc furnaces tsa motlakase), li sebetsa joalo ka mecha ea phatlalatso. Ho tsoa ha matla a phahameng ho hlahisa arc ea motlakase pakeng tsa ntlha ea eleketrode le tefiso ea sebōpi (mohlala, tšepe ea khale, tšepe ea tšepe). Arc ena e na le mocha oa plasma oa conductive o entsoeng ke ionization ea khase, ka mocheso o fetang 3000 ° C - o fetang hōle mocheso o tloaelehileng oa ho tuka.
1.2 Phetiso e Sebetsang ea Matla
Mocheso o matla o hlahisoang ke arc o qhibilihisa tefiso ea sebōpi ka ho toba. Li-electrode 'high conductivity ea motlakase (ka resistivity e tlase ho 6-8 μΩ·m) e netefatsa tahlehelo e fokolang ea matla nakong ea phetisetso, ho ntlafatsa tšebeliso ea matla. Ka ho etsa litšepe tsa motlakase oa arc (EAF), mohlala, li-electrode tsa UHP li ka fokotsa lipotoloho tsa ho qhibiliha ka ho feta 30%, tsa eketsa tlhahiso haholo.
2. Thepa ea Thepa le Tiisetso ea Ts'ebetso
2.1 Botsitso ba Sebopeho sa Mocheso o Phahameng
Li-electrode li khona ho mamella mocheso o phahameng ho tsoa sebopehong sa tsona sa kristale: liathomo tsa carbon tse layered li theha marang-rang a covalent bond ka sp² hybridization, e tlamahaneng ka har'a matla a van der Waals. Sebopeho sena se boloka matla a mochine ho 3000 ° C 'me se fana ka khanyetso e ikhethang ea mocheso oa mocheso (ho sa tsotellehe ho fetoha ha mocheso ho fihlela ho 500 ° C / min), li-electrode tsa tšepe tse sebetsang hantle.
2.2 Ho Khanyetso ho Katoloso ea Mocheso le ho Cheka
Li-electrode tsa UHP li bonts'a coefficient e tlase ea ho atolosoa ha mocheso (1.2×10⁻⁶/°C), ho fokotsa liphetoho tsa mahlakore a mocheso o phahameng le ho thibela ho thehoa ha crack ka lebaka la khatello ea mocheso. Khanyetso ea bona ea creep (bokhoni ba ho hanela deformation ea polasetiki tlas'a mocheso o phahameng) e ntlafatsoa ka ho khetha lisebelisoa tse tala tsa nale coke le lits'ebetso tse tsoetseng pele tsa graphitization, ho netefatsa botsitso bo boholo nakong ea ts'ebetso e telele e telele.
2.3 Oxidation le Corrosion Resistance
Ka ho kenyelletsa li-antioxidant (mohlala, li-borides, silicides) le ho sebelisa likoahelo tsa bokaholimo, mocheso oa li-electrode oxidation o phahame ka holimo ho 800°C. Ho se sebetse ha lik'hemik'hale khahlanong le slag e qhibilihisitsoeng nakong ea ho qhibiliha ho fokotsa tšebeliso e feteletseng ea li-electrode, ho lelefatsa bophelo ba tšebeletso ho makhetlo a 2-3 a li-electrode tse tloaelehileng.
3. Tšebelisano ea Ts'ebetso le Ts'ebetso ea Ts'ebetso
3.1 Tekanyo ea Hona Joale le Matla a Matla
Li-electrode tsa UHP li tšehetsa litšepe tsa hajoale tse fetang 50 A/cm². Ha li kopantsoe le li-transformer tsa matla a holimo (mohlala, 100 MVA), li thusa ho kenya motlakase oa sebopi se le seng se fetang 100 MW. Moralo ona o potlakisa litefiso tsa ho kenya mocheso nakong ea ho qhibiliha-ka mohlala, ho fokotsa tšebeliso ea matla ka tonne e le 'ngoe ea silicon tlhahiso ea ferrosilicon ho ea ka tlase ho 8000 kWh.
3.2 Karabelo e Matla le Taolo ea Ts'ebetso
Sistimi ea sejoale-joale ea ho qhibilihisa e sebelisa Smart Electrode Regulators (SERs) ho tsoela pele ho lekola boemo ba li-electrode, ho fetoha ha hona joale, le bolelele ba arc, ho boloka litekanyetso tsa tšebeliso ea li-electrode ka har'a 1.5-2.0 kg / t tšepe. Mmoho le tlhahlobo ea sebōpi sa sebōpi (mohlala, likhakanyo tsa CO/CO₂), sena se ntlafatsa katleho ea ho kopanya li-electrode-charge.
3.3 Sisteme ea Synergy le Ntlafatso ea Matla a Matla
Ho tsamaisa li-electrode tsa UHP ho hloka lisebelisoa tse tšehetsang, ho kenyeletsoa litsamaiso tsa phepelo ea matla a matla a phahameng (mohlala, likhokahano tse tobileng tsa 110 kV), likhoele tse pholileng ka metsi, le likarolo tse sebetsang hantle tsa pokello ea lerōle. Theknoloji ea ho khutlisa mocheso oa litšila (mohlala, ho kopanya motlakase oa arc ho tsoa ho khase) e phahamisetsa katleho ea matla ho feta 60%, e nolofalletsang tšebeliso ea matla a phoroselang.
Phetolelo ena e boloka ho nepahala ha tekheniki ha e ntse e khomaretse litumellano tsa mantsoe a thuto/liindasteri, e etsa bonnete ba hore batho ba khethehileng ba hlakeloa.
Nako ea poso: May-06-2025