Ho etsa graphitization ke ts'ebetso ea mantlha e fetolang thepa ea carbonaceous e sa fetoheng, e sa tsitsang hore e be sebopeho sa kristale sa graphite se hlophisitsoeng, ka liparamente tsa eona tsa bohlokoa tse susumetsang ka kotloloho tekanyo ea graphitization, thepa ea thepa le katleho ea tlhahiso. Ka tlase ke liparamente tsa bohlokoa tsa ts'ebetso le lintlha tsa tekheniki bakeng sa ho etsa graphitization:
I. Liparamente tsa Mocheso oa Motheo
Sebaka sa Thempereichara e Behetsoeng
Graphitization e hloka thepa ea ho futhumatsa ho fihlela ho 2300–3000℃, moo:
- 2500℃ e tšoaea ntlha ea bohlokoa bakeng sa phokotso e kholo ea sebaka sa graphite interlayer, e leng se qalang ho thehoa ha sebopeho se laetsoeng;
- Ka mocheso oa 3000℃, graphitization e haufi le ho phethoa, ka sebaka sa interlayer se tsitsitseng ho 0.3354 nm (boleng bo loketseng ba graphite) le tekanyo ea graphitization e fetang 90%.
Nako ea ho Boloka Mocheso o Phahameng
- Boloka mocheso o reriloeng lihora tse 6-30 ho netefatsa hore mocheso oa setofo o ajoa ka ho lekana;
- Ho hlokahala lihora tse ling tse 3-6 tsa ho tšoara motlakase nakong ea phepelo ea motlakase ho thibela ho khutla ha khanyetso le ho qoba liphoso tsa lattice tse bakoang ke ho feto-fetoha ha mocheso.
II. Taolo ea Khokahano ea ho Futhumatsa
Leano la ho Futhumatsa ka Mehato
- Mokhahlelo oa pele oa ho futhumatsa (0–1000℃): E laoloa ho 50℃/h ho khothaletsa ho lokolloa butle-butle ha lintho tse fetohang (mohlala, sekontiri, likhase) le ho thibela ho phatloha ha sebōpi;
- Mokhahlelo oa ho futhumatsa (1000–2500℃): E eketsehile ho fihla ho 100℃/h ha khanyetso ea motlakase e fokotseha, ka hona joale e fetoloa ho boloka matla;
- Mokhahlelo oa ho kopanya mocheso o phahameng (2500–3000℃): E tšoaroa lihora tse 20–30 ho phethela tokiso ea liphoso tsa lattice le ho hlophisoa bocha ha microcrystalline.
Tsamaiso e Fetohang
- Lisebelisoa tse tala li lokela ho tsoakoa ho latela litaba tse fetohang habonolo ho qoba ho ba le mahloriso sebakeng seo;
- Ho fanoa ka masoba a ho kenya moya ka har'a sekwahelo se ka holimo ho netefatsa hore ho tsoa ha moea ka mokhoa o atlehang hoa khoneha;
- Mokoloko oa ho futhumatsa o lieha nakong ea ho ntšoa ha mosi o feto-fetohang ka sekhahla (mohlala, 800–1200℃) ho thibela ho cha ho sa fellang le ho hlahisoa ha mosi o motšo.
III. Ntlafatso ea ho Jarisa Sebōpi
Kabo ea Lintho tse Hlophisitsoeng tsa Khanyetso e Tšoanang
- Lisebelisoa tsa khanyetso li lokela ho ajoa ka ho lekana ho tloha hloohong ea sebōpi ho ea mohatleng ka ho kenya mela e melelele ho thibela maqhubu a khethollo a bakoang ke ho bokellana ha likaroloana;
- Di-crucible tse ntjha le tse sebedisitsweng di lokela ho kopanngwa ka nepo mme di thibelwe ho kenngwa ka mekhahlelo ho qoba ho chesa haholo sebakeng seo ka lebaka la diphetoho tsa khanyetso.
Khetho ea Thepa e Thusang le Taolo ea Boholo ba Likaroloana
- ≤10% ea thepa e thusang e lokela ho ba le li-faene tsa 0-1 mm ho fokotsa ho se tšoane ha khanyetso;
- Lisebelisoa tse thusang tsa molora o tlase (<1%) le tse sa fetoheng haholo (<5%) li etelloa pele ho fokotsa likotsi tsa ho monngoa ha litšila.
IV. Taolo ea ho Pholisa le ho Laolla
Mokhoa oa Tlhaho oa ho Pholisa
- Ho phodisa ka kgapeletso ka ho fafatsa ka metsi ho thibetsoe; ho ena le hoo, thepa e tloswa ka lera ka lera ho sebediswa disebediswa tsa ho tshwara kapa ho hula ho thibela kgatello ya mocheso ho petsoha;
- Nako ea ho pholisa e lokela ho ba matsatsi a ≥7 ho netefatsa hore mocheso o fetoha butle-butle ka har'a thepa.
Ho Laolla Mocheso le Tsamaiso ea Khohlo
- Ho laolla lintho hantle ho etsahala ha di-crucible di fihla ~ 150℃; ho tloswa pele ho nako ho baka oxidation ya thepa (eketsehileng sebaka se itseng sa bokaholimo) le tshenyo e ka bakwang ke di-crucible;
- Lekoko le teteaneng la 1-5 mm (le nang le ditshila tse nyane) le hlaha hodima dibopeho tse ka tjheswang ha ho ntse ho laolwa thepa mme le lokela ho bolokwa ka thoko, ka thepa e loketseng e pakilweng ka mekotleng ya tonne bakeng sa ho romelwa.
V. Tekanyo ea Degree ea Graphitization le Kamano ea Thepa
Mekhoa ea ho Lekanya
- Phapang ea X-ray (XRD): E bala sebaka sa lipakeng tsa mekhahlelo d002 ka boemo ba tlhoro ea phapang ea (002), ka tekanyo ea graphitization g e nkiloeng ho sebelisoa foromo ea Franklin:
g=0.00860.3440−2c0×100%
(moo c0 e leng sebaka se lekantsoeng sa mekhahlelo e fapaneng; g=84.05% ha d002=0.3360nm).
- Raman Spectroscopy: E hakanya tekanyo ea graphitization ka karolelano ea matla a D-peak ho G-peak.
Tšusumetso ea Thepa
- Keketseho e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea tekanyo ea graphitization ea 0.1 e fokotsa resistivity ka 30% mme e eketsa conductivity ea mocheso ka 25%;
- Lisebelisoa tse nang le grafiti e ngata (>90%) li fihlella ho tsamaisoa ha motlakase ho fihlela ho 1.2×10⁵ S/m, leha ho ba thata ha tshusumetso ho ka fokotseha, e leng se hlokang mekhoa ea thepa e kopaneng ho leka-lekanya ts'ebetso.
VI. Ntlafatso ea Liparamente tsa Ts'ebetso e Tsoetseng Pele
Graphitization ea Catalytic
- Li-catalyst tsa tšepe/nickel li theha mekhahlelo e mahareng ea Fe₃C/Ni₃C, e fokotsang mocheso oa graphitization ho 2200℃;
- Li-catalyst tsa boron lia kopana ho etsa likarolo tsa khabone ho khothaletsa tatellano, e hlokang 2300℃.
Graphitization ea Mocheso o Phahameng ka ho Fetisisa
- Ho futhumatsa arc ea plasma (mocheso oa mantlha oa plasma oa argon: 15,000℃) ho fihlella mocheso oa bokaholimo ba 3200℃ le likhato tsa graphitization tse ka holimo ho 99%, e loketseng graphite ea sehlopha sa nyutlelie le ea sehlopha sa lifofane.
Graphitization ea microwave
- Li-microwave tsa 2.45 GHz li tsosa ho thothomela ha athomo ea khabone, li nolofalletsa sekhahla sa ho futhumatsa sa 500℃/min ntle le li-gradients tsa mocheso, leha li lekanyelitsoe ho likarolo tse nang le mabota a masesaane (<50 mm).
Nako ea poso: Loetse-04-2025