Kakaretso ea 'Maraka: Ho tloha ka Pherekhong ho isa Mphalane oa 2022, ts'ebetso eohle ea 'maraka oa peterole coke oa Chaena e ntle, 'me theko ea peterole coke e hlahisa mokhoa oa "ho nyoloha - ho theoha - ho tsitsitseng". E tšehelitsoe ke tlhoko e theohelang, theko ea peterole coke mohatong oa morao e theohile, empa e ntse e le holimo historing. Ka 2022, phepelo ea peterole coke e eketsehile hanyane ho tloha kotareng e fetileng. Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la tšusumetso ea Lipapali tsa Liolimpiki tsa Mariha, ho phahama ha litheko tsa oli e tala tsa machaba, le thibelo le taolo ea seoa, libaka tsa ho hloekisa li ile tsa fokotsa tlhahiso kotareng ea pele pele ho kemiso. Tlhahiso e ile ea hlaphoheloa butle-butle kotareng ea bobeli, ha palo e kholo ea lihlahisoa tse tsoang kantle ho naha tsa peterole coke, phepelo e mahareng le e phahameng ea sebabole e ntse e eketseha, phepelo e tlase ea sebabole coke e ntse e le thata. Tlhahiso ea aluminium ea electrolytic libakeng tse ka tlase tsa noka ka kakaretso e ile ea boloka kholo, 'me khaello ea motlakase Sichuan, Yunnan le libakeng tse ling tsa lehae e ile ea fella ka tlhahiso e fokotsehileng, 'me theko ea aluminium ka kakaretso e ne e tsitsitse. Tlhoko e fokolang ea carburizer, graphite electrode, le tlhoko e ntseng e eketseha ea lisebelisoa tsa anode li lebisitse phapang ea litheko tsa coke ea peterole ea sebabole e mahareng le e tlase libakeng tsa lehae. Coke ea peterole ea mafura e angoa haholo ke 'maraka oa machaba. Coke ea sebabole e phahameng e sebelisoang samenteng le liindastering tse ling e 'nile ea leketla ka nako e telele. Ho tlisoa ha coke ea peterole ea sebabole e phahameng ho tsoa Saudi Arabia ea setso le United States ho fokotsehile, empa ho tlisoa ha coke ea peterole ea Venezuela ho ekelitsoe ke palo e kholo ea lintho tse tsoang kantle ho naha.
Ketso ea theko
I. Coke ea peterole e mahareng le e phahameng ea sebabole: Ho tloha ka Pherekhong ho isa Mphalane 2022, theko ea 'maraka ea coke ea peterole Chaena e bontšitse mokhoa o akaretsang oa "ho nyoloha - ho theoha - ho tsitsitseng". Ho tloha ka la 19 Mphalane, theko ea referense ea coke ea peterole e ne e le 4581 yuan/ton, e nyolohile ka 63.08% ha e bapisoa le qalo ea selemo. Ho tloha ka Pherekhong ho isa Mmesa, ka lebaka la lintlha tse 'maloa, joalo ka lithibelo tsa tlhahiso nakong ea Liolimpiki tsa Mariha, lithibelo tsa lipalangoang ka lebaka la taolo ea seoa, le litheko tse phahameng tsa matla a lefats'e tse anngoeng ke koluoa ea Russia-Ukraine, litšenyehelo tsa ho hloekisa lifeme li eketsehile ka kakaretso. Ka lebaka leo, li-unit tsa ho hloekisa tsa lifeme tse ngata li fokolitse tlhahiso, 'me li-unit tse ling tsa ho hloekisa li emisitse tlhokomelo esale pele. Ka lebaka leo, phepelo ea' maraka e fokotsehile haholo 'me litheko tsa coke li eketsehile haholo. Ho phaella moo, lifeme tse ling tsa ho hloekisa tse haufi le noka li fana ka tlhahiso e mpe ea coke ea peterole ea sebabole, theko ea coke ea peterole e ile ea eketseha butle-butle tlas'a index e tšoanang; Ho tloha ka Mots'eanong, li-unit tsa ho hloekisa tse neng li koetsoe le tlhahiso e fokotsehileng li qalile hape tlhahiso ka tatellano. Leha ho le jwalo, e le ho fokotsa ditjeo, difeme tse ding tsa ho hlwekisa di rekile oli e tala e theko e tlase bakeng sa tlhahiso. Ka lebaka leo, lenane la peterole coke ka kakaretso mmarakeng le senyehile, mme palo e kgolo ya peterole coke e kentsweng kantle e fihlile koung, haholoholo e reka peterole coke ya sulfur e mahareng-e phahameng ho tswa Venezuela, United States, Russia, Canada le dinaheng tse ding. Empa haholoholo ho vanadium. 500PPM ya peterole coke ya sulfur e mahareng le e phahameng, le indasteri ya aluminium ya lehae e tlase e laotse dielemente tse latelang ka ho latellana, vanadium e phahameng (vanadium > 500PPM) theko ya peterole coke e theohile haholo, mme phapang ya theko pakeng tsa vanadium e tlase le vanadium petroleum coke e ile ya eketseha butle-butle. Ho tloha ka Phuptjane, ha theko ya petroleum coke e ntse e theoha, dikgwebo tsa carbon tse tlase di kene mmarakeng ka ho latellana ho reka. Leha ho le jwalo, ha theko ya petroleum coke e tala e ntse e le hodimo ka nako e telele selemong sena, kgatello ya ditjeo tse tlase e hodimo, mme boholo ba tsona di reka ha ho batlwa, mme theko ya petroleum coke ya sulfur e mahareng le e phahameng e boloka tshebetso ya ho tshoha.
II. Coke ea peterole e nang le sebabole se tlaase: Ho tloha ka Pherekhong ho isa Phuptjane, bokhoni ba thepa ea anode bo ile ba eketseha, tlhoko ea 'maraka ea eketseha haholo, 'me tlhoko ea coke ea peterole e nang le sebabole se tlase e ile ea eketseha haholo. Ka Mmesa, e anngoeng ke ho koaloa ho lebelletsoeng ha fektheri ea ho hloekisa ea CNOOC bakeng sa tlhokomelo, theko ea coke ea peterole e nang le sebabole se tlase e ile ea tsoela pele ho lula e le holimo; Ho tloha ka Phupu, karo-karolelano ea matla a mocheso o phahameng, ts'ebetso ea 'maraka oa tšepe ea leloala le tlaase e mpe, phokotso ea tlhahiso, ho emisoa ha tlhahiso, motlakase oa graphite o tlase o lokela ho ba boemong bona, phokotso e eketsehileng ea tlhahiso, karolo ea ho koaloa, 'maraka oa thepa e mpe tšehetso ea theko ea coke ea peterole e tlase ea sebabole e fokotsehile, theko e tlase ea coke ea sebabole e theohile haholo; Ho tloha ka Loetse, Letsatsi la Naha le Mokete oa Bohareng ba Hoetla li fihlile ka mor'a tse ling. Setoko se tlase se tšehelitse theko e tlase ea coke ea sebabole ho nyoloha hanyane, empa ka ho fihla ha tse 20 tse kholo, tse tlase li amohela thepa ka hloko, 'me theko e tlase ea coke ea peterole e nang le sebabole e ile ea lula e tsitsitse, 'me ho entsoe liphetoho tse ling.
Mabapi le coke ea mafura, ka 2022, litheko tsa matla a lefats'e li tla nyoloha, litheko tsa kantle li tla lula li le holimo ebile li sa fetohe ka nako e telele, litšenyehelo tsa nako e telele tsa coke ea pellet ea sulfur e phahameng li tla fetoloa, ho tlisoa ha coke ea mafura ea sulfur e phahameng ho tsoa Saudi Arabia le United States ho tla fokotseha, 'me theko ea coke ea petroleum ea Venezuela e tla ba tlase haholo, kahoo ho tlisoa ho tla tlatsetsa' marakeng. Theko ea coke ea projectile ea sebabole e tlase e holimo, 'me sesupo sa tlhoko ea coke ea petroleum' marakeng oa mafura a khalase se fetotsoe.
Lehlakore la phepelo
1. Bokgoni ba diyuniti tsa ho pheha tse diehisitsweng bo eketsehile hanyane ho tloha ka Pherekgong ho isa Mphalane ka 2022. Phetoho ya bokgoni e ile ya tsepama ka Loetse, ha sete ya ditone tse 500,000 ka selemo yuniti ya ho pheha Shandong e ne e emiswa mme sete ya ditone tse dimilione tse 1.2 ka selemo yuniti ya ho pheha ka Leboya-bophirima ho China e ne e kenngwa tlhahisong.
II. Tlhahiso ea peterole coke ea Chaena ka Pherekhong-Loetse 2022 e eketsehile ka 2.13% ha e bapisoa le ea Pherekhong-Loetse 2021, moo tšebeliso ea eona e neng e le lithane tse 2,773,600, keketseho ea 14.88% ha e bapisoa le ea nakong e tšoanang ka 2021, haholo-holo hobane bokhoni ba tlhahiso ea li-unit tse peli tse ncha tsa coking Shandong bo ile ba kenngoa tšebetsong 'me ba qala hape ka Phuptjane 2021 le Pulungoana 2021, ka ho latellana. Phepelo ea peterole coke 'marakeng e eketsehile haholo; Leha ho le joalo, ho pholletsa le selemo sohle, keketseho ea tlhahiso ea peterole coke e haholo-holo ho peterole coke e mahareng le e phahameng ea sebabole, haholo-holo ka lebaka la theko e phahameng ea oli e tala le keketseho ea litšenyehelo tsa ho hloekisa lifeme. Li-finery tse ling li sebelisa oli e tala e theko e tlase ho fokotsa litšenyehelo, 'me petroleum coke e sebelisoa e le sehlahisoa sa yuniti ea coking, e leng se lebisang ka tsela e sa tobang ho senyeha ha index eohle ea' maraka oa petroleum coke. Ho ea ka lipalo-palo tsa Yinfu, tlhahiso ea coke ea petroleum e mahareng le e phahameng ea sebabole ka Pherekhong-Loetse 2022 e eketsehile ka 2.38% ha e bapisoa le ea Pherekhong-Loetse 2021.
III. Palo ea coke ea peterole e tsoang kantle ho naha ho tloha ka Pherekhong ho isa Phato 2022 ke lithane tse limilione tse 9.1273, e leng keketseho ea selemo le selemo ea 5.16%. Ho ea ka Bacuan Yinfu, palo ea coke ea peterole e tsoang kantle ho naha e lebelletsoe ho tsoela pele ho eketseha ho tloha ka Loetse ho isa qetellong ea selemo, 'me phepelo ea coke ea peterole e tsoang kantle ho naha e lebelletsoe ho tsoela pele ho eketseha.
Lehlakore la tlhoko
I. Mabapi le 'maraka oa aluminium carbon, theko ea aluminium ea electrolytic qetellong ea mola e feto-fetoha ho ea pakeng tsa 18,000-19000 yuan/ton, 'me sebaka sa kakaretso sa phaello sa indasteri ea aluminium ea electrolytic se ntse se le teng. 'Maraka oa aluminium oa carbon o theohelang o qala ho sebetsa boemong bo phahameng ba nako e telele, 'me' maraka ka kakaretso o na le tlhoko e ntle ea petroleum coke. Leha ho le joalo, e tlas'a mokhoa oa thekiso oa "phetoho ea theko e le 'ngoe ka khoeli", hammoho le theko e phahameng ea nako e telele ea petroleum coke e tala, e leng se fellang ka khatello e kholo ea litšenyehelo le haholo-holo theko ea ha ho batloa.
Mmaraka oa li-electrode tsa graphite o theohelang o rekoa haholo-holo ha ho hlokahala. Ho tloha ka Phupu ho isa Phato, ka lebaka la tšusumetso ea mocheso o phahameng, limmaraka tse ling tsa tšepe li ile tsa fokotsa tlhahiso kapa tsa emisa tlhahiso. Lehlakore la phepelo ea likhoebo tsa li-electrode tsa graphite le ile la fokotsa tlhahiso, e leng se ileng sa fella ka ho fokotseha ho hoholo ha tlhoko ea 'maraka oa li-electrode tsa graphite. Tlhoko ea 'maraka oa carburizer e tsitsitse; Mmuso o tšehetsa ka matla nts'etsopele ea indasteri e ncha ea eneji. Bokhoni ba tlhahiso ea 'maraka oa thepa ea anode bo atolohile ka potlako, 'me tlhoko ea coke ea peterole e eketsehile haholo. E le ho boloka litšenyehelo, likhoebo tse ling li thehile mekhoa e mecha ea ho nkela coke ea peterole e nang le sulfure e tlase sebaka ka coke ea peterole e nang le sulfur e mahareng e phahameng, kahoo li fokotsa litšenyehelo.
III. Ha ho tluoa tabeng ea coke ea mafura, theko ea matla ea lefats'e ka bophara ka 2022 e nyolohile, theko ea kantle e bile holimo ebile e fetoha ka nako e telele, litšenyehelo tsa nako e telele tsa coke ea pellet ea sulfur e phahameng li fetohile, 'me ts'ebetso ea konteraka ea' maraka ke ea karolelano, ha 'maraka oa coke ea pellet ea sulfur e mahareng o tsitsitse.
Ponelopele ea 'maraka oa nakong e tlang
1. Ho ya ka pono ya phepelo ya peterole coke, phepelo ya mmaraka wa peterole coke e lebelletswe ho tswela pele ho eketseha, mme bokgoni ba diyuniti tse sa tswa hahuwa tsa ho pheha kgatong e latelang bo kenngwa tlhahisong ka ho latellana. Ho lebelletswe hore peterole coke e mahareng le e phahameng ya sebabole e tla busa, empa boholo ba tsona ho lebelletswe hore di sebedisetswe ho itshebetsa, e leng se tla fana ka tlatsetso e fokolang mmarakeng. Tlhoko ya dikgwebo tsa malapeng ya peterole coke e tla tswela pele ho eketseha, mme palo ya peterole coke e tswang kantle ho naha e lebelletswe ho tswela pele ho hola.
2. Ho ya ka pono ya tlhokeho e tlase, Bachuan Yinfu o bolela esale pele hore tlhokeho ya peterole coke indastering e tlase e tla tswela pele ho eketseha bofelong ba 2022 le 2023. Tlasa tshusumetso ya tsitsipano ya matjhaba le phokotseho e latelang ya tlhahiso ya oli e tala ke Saudi Arabia le Opec, theko ya oli e tala e lebelletswe ho dula e le hodimo, karolo ya ditjeo e tshehetswa hantle, mme tlhahiso ya aluminium ya electrolytic e tlase e lebelletswe ho tswela pele ho eketseha, mme tlhokeho yohle ya peterole coke indastering e ntse e tswela pele ho bontsha mokgwa o ntseng o hola. Matsete a matjha a mmaraka wa thepa ya anode a potlakile, tlhokeho ya peterole coke e lebelletswe ho tswela pele ho eketseha; Theko ya mashala e lebelletswe ho fetoha ka hara mefuta e ka laolehang tlasa tshusumetso ya maano a naha a moruo o moholo. Tlhokeho ya mmaraka ya khalase, samente, dimela tsa motlakase, di-electrode le di-carburizing agents e lebelletswe ho dula e le karolelano.
3. Maano a thibelo le taolo ea seoa a lebelletsoe ho ntse a tla ba le tšusumetso e kholo libakeng tse ling, haholo-holo a thibelang lipalangoang tsa likoloi. Maano a kopaneng a karo-karolelano ea motlakase le taolo ea tšebeliso ea matla a lebelletsoe ho ntse a tla ba le tšusumetso libakeng tse ling, 'me tšusumetso ka kakaretso' marakeng e lebelletsoe ho ba le moeli.
Ka kakaretso, ho lebeletsoe hore litheko tsa peterole coke qetellong ea 2022 le 2023 li tla lula li le holimo ebile li sa fetohe. Ho lebeletsoe hore theko e ka sehloohong ea peterole coke ke 6000-8000 yuan/ton bakeng sa coke e tlase ea sebabole (hoo e ka bang 0.5% sebabole), 3400-5500 yuan/ton bakeng sa coke e mahareng ea sebabole (hoo e ka bang 3.0% sebabole, ka har'a 500 vanadium), le coke e mahareng ea sebabole (hoo e ka bang 3.0% sebabole, vanadium > 500) theko ke 2500-4000 yuan/ton, coke e phahameng ea sebabole (hoo e ka bang 4.5% thepa e akaretsang) theko ke 2000-3200 yuan/ton.
Nako ea poso: Pulungoana-14-2022